top of page

Comprehensive TNR Trapping Guidelines & Best Practices

​

Based on Cats in Action’s Recommendations, catsinaction.org

​

Successfully managing feral and free-roaming cat populations through Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) requires preparation, coordination, and careful attention to the wellbeing of the cats. Below is a detailed guide to help you plan and carry out a humane and effective trapping operation.

1. Preparation Before Trapping

Establish a Feeding Routine

  • Begin feeding the cats on a consistent schedule at the same time and place every day, ideally for at least 1–2 weeks before trapping. This helps the cats become accustomed to your presence and ensures they return regularly.

  • Discontinue feeding 24 hours prior to the planned trapping to increase the likelihood the cats will enter traps in search of food.

  • Do not leave food out overnight to avoid attracting raccoons, skunks, or opossums.

​

Coordinate With Other Caretakers

  • If other individuals are also feeding the cats, communicate with them to ensure they also withhold food before trapping.

  • Unified efforts will help avoid confusion and make the trapping more efficient.

​

Document the Colony

  • Keep a log or chart for each cat in the colony, noting:

    • Appearance (color, sex, size, markings)

    • Health concerns (limping, eye discharge, etc.)

    • Behavioral observations (timid, aggressive, pregnant, nursing)

  • This information is crucial for vet intake forms and for tracking who has been trapped, sterilized, or needs follow-up care.

​

Secure Clinic Appointments

  • Contact local spay/neuter clinics ahead of time to schedule surgery appointments. Some clinics allow walk-ins, but others require pre-booking.

  • Clarify:

    • Drop-off and pick-up times

    • What services are included (e.g., vaccines, ear tip, flea treatment)

    • What paperwork or labeling is required on the traps

​

Gather Traps and Supplies

  • Obtain enough humane box traps for the number of cats you plan to trap. Organizations or shelters often offer trap loan programs with a deposit.

  • Essential trapping supplies include:

    • Trap covers (towels or blankets to calm trapped cats)

    • Newspaper or cardboard to line trap bottoms

    • Bait (strong-smelling food like tuna, sardines, or mackerel)

    • Zip ties, duct tape, labels, and a marker

    • Disposable gloves and hand sanitizer

    • Trap dividers for cleaning and feeding safely

    • Extra towels and puppy pads

​

Prepare a Recovery Area

  • Choose a quiet, climate-controlled space like a garage, basement, or enclosed porch to hold cats before and after surgery. Ideal temperature is between 65-75F to prevent hypothermia resulting from anesthesia

  • Make sure the space is secure, with no chance of cats escaping.

  • Cover the floor with tarps or towels and place the traps on absorbent material such as newspaper or puppy pads to catch waste.

  • For detailed instructions about caring for cats in traps, including video, please visit https://www.neighborhoodcats.org/how-to-tnr/trapping/caring-for-cats-in-traps

​

Prep Your Vehicle for Transport

  • Line your car with plastic sheeting, tarps, or garbage bags under old blankets to protect seats and flooring.

  • Load traps carefully and make sure they are stable and covered for a stress-free ride.

2. Trapping Best Practices

Trap Setup

  • Use newspaper or flattened cardboard to line the floor of each trap; secure it with tape to prevent it from blowing around or folding.

  • Avoid bowls or dishes for bait; instead, place a spoonful of wet food directly on the lining near the trip plate and a trail leading to it.

  • Set traps near the cats’ usual feeding spots or where they gather and rest.

  • Cover each trap with a towel or blanket once set, leaving just the entrance visible. This reduces stress once cats are caught.

​

Monitoring and Safety

  • Never leave traps unattended. Watch on a camera or check at least every 15 minutes.

  • Leaving cats in traps for extended periods can result in injury or overheating, especially in warm weather.

  • If a non-target animal (like a raccoon or skunk) is trapped, release it immediately and reset the trap with fresh bait.

  • Once a cat is trapped, fully cover the trap and move it to a safe holding area.

3. Post-Surgery Recovery & Release

Post-Surgery Holding

  • Keep cats in their traps in a quiet, temperature-controlled location for 12–24 hours after surgery.

  • Line the bottom of the trap with fresh newspaper or puppy pads to absorb urine or feces.

  • Use a trap divider to safely clean the trap or replace soiled lining without letting the cat escape.

​

Feeding After Surgery

  • Offer a small amount of canned food about 4–6 hours post-surgery, once the cat is fully awake and alert.

  • Water is generally not required, as most canned foods are moisture-rich, and the holding period is brief.

​

Special Cases

  • Nursing Mothers: If a spayed female is identified as lactating during surgery, she should be released as soon as she is awake and stable—preferably the same evening—so she can return to her kittens.

  • Sick or Injured Cats: Follow clinic recommendations for extended recovery or veterinary care as needed.

​

Returning Cats

  • Return each cat to the exact location where they were trapped. Cats are highly territorial and rely on familiar surroundings for safety.

  • Gently place the covered trap on the ground, open the door, and step back.

  • Do not force the cat out—let them exit at their own pace.

additional tips

​

  • Label each trap with the cat’s name or description and surgery status to avoid mix-ups.

  • Always wear gloves when handling traps and avoid direct contact with feral cats.

  • Track your results: document the number of cats trapped, sterilized, and returned. This helps measure your impact and can assist with future funding or grants.

bottom of page